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The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
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Updated: Nov 24, 2025

A Mouse Model of Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Elevation of Intraocular Pressure
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RECURRENT ACUTE RETINAL NECROSIS.

Richard F Spaide1, Stephanie S Byun

  • 1Vitreous, Macula, Retina Consultants, New York, New York.

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|December 21, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recurrent acute retinal necrosis (ARN) can be managed with aggressive antiviral therapy. Chorioretinal scars may predispose to viral reactivation, suggesting antiviral prophylaxis for at-risk patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is a severe viral retinitis.
  • Recurrences of ARN can lead to significant vision loss.

Observation:

  • A 4-year-old girl with a history of bilateral ARN presented with recurrent ARN 10 years later.
  • Treatment involved intravenous acyclovir and foscarnet, followed by laser photocoagulation and oral valacyclovir prophylaxis.
  • Discontinuation of prophylaxis led to a rapid ARN recurrence.

Findings:

  • The patient responded to aggressive antiviral treatment, but developed a retinal detachment.
  • Laser photocoagulation sites appeared to be associated with areas of retinitis.
  • Successful treatment of the recurrence and detachment resulted in 20/20 visual acuity.

Implications:

  • Aggressive antiviral therapy is crucial for managing recurrent ARN.
  • Chorioretinal scars may serve as reservoirs for viral reactivation.
  • Long-term antiviral prophylaxis might be beneficial for patients with recurrent ARN or at high risk.