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Modernizing Perinatal Substance Use Management
1Department of Health and Community Systems, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.
Policy, Politics & Nursing Practice
|December 22, 2020
Summary
Opioid use disorder in pregnant women is a crisis. Policies hinder their healthcare autonomy and recovery, necessitating improved access to contraception, screening, and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Policy
- Reproductive Health
Background:
- The opioid epidemic significantly impacts women, including pregnant individuals.
- Existing policies, influenced by the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, restrict pregnant women with opioid use disorders (OUD) from autonomous healthcare decisions.
- These regulations impede access to essential care and recovery support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine current health policies affecting pregnant women with opioid use.
- To identify policy barriers to care and recovery for this population.
- To propose policy modifications to enhance care for pregnant women with OUD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and policy analysis using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Policy Analytical Framework.
- Examination of federal and state regulations impacting pregnant women with OUD.
- Identification of best practices for perinatal substance use care.
Main Results:
- Current policies can inadvertently penalize pregnant women with OUD, limiting their treatment options and autonomy.
- Lack of access to comprehensive services, including contraception and evidence-based treatment, is a significant barrier.
- Policy modifications are needed to support, rather than punish, pregnant women seeking recovery.
Conclusions:
- Improving care for pregnant women with OUD requires policy reform.
- Recommendations include enhancing access to contraceptive services, universal perinatal substance use screening, and effective treatment strategies.
- Advanced practice nurses, midwives, and nursing administrators play a crucial role in implementing these changes.
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