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Tissue Engineering of the Intestine in a Murine Model

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Gastrointestinal Issues in Critically Ill Children.

Praveen Khilnani¹, Nidhi Rawal¹, Chandrasekhar Singha¹

¹Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Madhukar Rainbow Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine

|December 23, 2020

Summary

Gastrointestinal complications in critically ill children are less common than in adults. Key risk factors include shock and certain medications, leading to issues like dysmotility and bleeding.

Keywords:

Constipation Critically ill children Dysmotility Feeding intolerance Gastrointestinal bleeding

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Published on: May 2, 2017

Area of Science:

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Gastroenterology

Background:

Gastrointestinal (GI) complications in critically ill patients lack uniform diagnostic criteria, leading to variable reported frequencies.
While less common in children than adults, GI issues in critically ill pediatric patients are significant.
Major risk factors include shock and the use of catecholamines, sedatives, and muscle relaxants.

Purpose of the Study:

To review common gastrointestinal issues in critically ill children.
To discuss the management of acute gastrointestinal bleeding in this population.

Main Methods:

This is a review article discussing common GI issues and management strategies.
Literature review focusing on pediatric critical care and gastroenterology.

Main Results:

GI dysmotility is a primary cause of abdominal distension, increased gastric residual volume, and constipation.
GI bleeding occurs in approximately 10% of critically ill patients, with clinically significant bleeding in about 1.6%.

Conclusions:

Critical illness in children presents unique gastrointestinal challenges.
Effective management of GI dysmotility and bleeding is crucial for improving outcomes in critically ill children.