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Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells
Published on: January 21, 2012
Manipulation of the human tRNA pool reveals distinct tRNA sets that act in cellular proliferation or cell cycle
Noa Aharon-Hefetz1, Idan Frumkin1, Yoav Mayshar2
1Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Abstract:
Different subsets of the tRNA pool in human cells are expressed in different cellular conditions. The 'proliferation-tRNAs' are induced upon normal and cancerous cell division, while the 'differentiation-tRNAs' are active in non-dividing, differentiated cells. Here we examine the essentiality of the various tRNAs upon cellular growth and arrest. We established a CRISPR-based editing procedure with sgRNAs that each target a tRNA family. We measured tRNA essentiality for cellular growth and found that most proliferation-tRNAs are essential compared to differentiation- tRNAs in rapidly growing cell lines. Yet in more slowly dividing lines, the differentiation-tRNAs were more essential. In addition, we measured the essentiality of each tRNA family upon response to cell cycle arresting signals. Here we detected a more complex behavior with both proliferation-tRNAs and differentiation tRNAs showing various levels of essentiality. These results provide the so-far most comprehensive functional characterization of human tRNAs with intricate roles in various cellular states.
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