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Factors Associated with Asthma Severity in Children: Data from the French COBRAPed Cohort

Guillaume Lezmi1, Stéphanie Lejeune2, Isabelle Pin3

  • 1Université de Paris, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Equipe Immunorégulation et Immunopathologie, Inserm UMR1151, CNRS UMR8253, Paris, France; Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|December 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Environmental factors like secondhand smoke and mold are key in preschool asthma severity. For school-aged children, allergic conditions like food allergies are more significant. Asthma severity factors differ by age.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Environmental Health
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Severe asthma (SA) in children presents a significant health burden.
  • Factors influencing childhood asthma severity are not well understood and may vary with age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if factors linked to asthma severity differ between preschoolers with severe recurrent wheeze (SRW) and school-age children with SA.
  • To compare environmental and allergic triggers for asthma across different pediatric age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the French Pediatric Cohort of Bronchial Obstruction and Asthma (PCOBA).
  • Inclusion of preschool (3-6 years) and school-age (7-11 years) children with varying asthma severity.
  • Utilized univariable and multivariable analyses to identify associated factors.

Main Results:

  • Preschool SRW was strongly associated with secondhand smoke (OR 29.8) and mold exposure (OR 4.22).
  • School-age SA showed a significant association with a history of food allergy (OR 5.01).
  • Atopic dermatitis and food allergy were more common in school-age SA compared to non-severe asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Asthma severity factors are age-dependent in children.
  • Environmental exposures (smoke, mold) are critical for preschool SRW.
  • Allergic comorbidities play a more prominent role in school-age SA.
Abstract

Keywords:
PhenotypePreschoolSchool-ageSevere asthma

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