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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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Knockdown lncRNA DLEU1 Inhibits Gliomas Progression and Promotes Temozolomide Chemosensitivity by Regulating

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Long non-coding RNA DLEU1 promotes glioma progression and temozolomide resistance. Silencing DLEU1 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion, while enhancing sensitivity to temozolomide by affecting cell cycle and apoptosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Gliomas are aggressive brain tumors with limited treatment options.
  • Temozolomide (TMZ) is a standard chemotherapy, but resistance remains a significant challenge.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in cancer progression and drug resistance, but their roles in glioma are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify differentially expressed lncRNAs in gliomas.
  • To investigate the functional role of lncRNA DLEU1 in glioma progression and TMZ resistance.
  • To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of DLEU1 in glioma.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of TCGA database for differentially expressed lncRNAs.
  • Correlation analysis between lncRNA expression and overall survival.
  • Functional assays including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy.
  • Western blot analysis to assess protein expression levels.

Main Results:

  • 94 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified between gliomas and normal tissues.
  • High expression of lncRNA DLEU1 was significantly associated with poor prognosis in glioma patients.
  • Knockdown of DLEU1 suppressed proliferation, induced G1 cell cycle arrest, inhibited migration and invasion, reduced EMT markers, suppressed TMZ-induced autophagy, and promoted TMZ sensitivity by triggering apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNA DLEU1 is upregulated in gliomas and predicts poor prognosis.
  • DLEU1 promotes glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
  • DLEU1 confers resistance to temozolomide by regulating autophagy and apoptosis.
  • lncRNA DLEU1 represents a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for glioma treatment.