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Congenital goiter in North of Iran: A case report

Shahrokh Mehrpisheh1, Daniel Zamanfar2, Zahra Ghaffari1

  • 1Neonatology Department Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran.

Clinical Case Reports
|December 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Congenital goiter (CG), a rare newborn condition, is often linked to hypothyroidism. Maternal diabetes during pregnancy can contribute to both the baby's hypothyroidism and the development of goiter at birth.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatal Health
  • Reproductive Medicine

Background:

  • Congenital goiter (CG) is a rare condition presenting at birth.
  • It is frequently associated with congenital hypothyroidism in newborns.
  • The simultaneous occurrence of pregnancy and neonatal hypothyroidism suggests potential links between maternal and infant health.

Observation:

  • This study examines the potential link between maternal diabetes during pregnancy and the occurrence of CG in newborns.
  • The simultaneous presence of pregnancy and neonatal hypothyroidism suggests a possible shared underlying cause.
  • Investigating the impact of maternal health on fetal thyroid development is essential.

Findings:

  • Maternal diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is identified as a potential contributing factor to congenital goiter.
  • The study highlights the correlation between maternal hyperglycemia and the development of fetal hypothyroidism.
  • This suggests a pathway where maternal metabolic conditions influence neonatal thyroid function and thyroid size.

Implications:

  • Early screening for congenital hypothyroidism and goiter in infants born to diabetic mothers is recommended.
  • Maternal glycemic control during pregnancy may play a role in preventing CG and neonatal hypothyroidism.
  • Further research into the specific mechanisms linking maternal diabetes to fetal thyroid abnormalities is warranted.

Keywords:
congenital goitercongenital hypothyroidismiodinepregnancy diabetes

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