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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Ocular pathology associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Teodor Răzvan Cristescu1, Florin Dumitru Mihălțan2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Slobozia County Emergency Hospital, Romania.

Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology
|December 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) experience abnormal tear secretion and increased eyelid laxity, though intraocular pressure and glaucoma rates are similar to the general population. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment may improve tear production.

Keywords:
apnea/ hypopnea indexintraocular pressurelacrimal secretionobstructive sleep apnea syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common condition with potential systemic implications.
  • Ophthalmological manifestations of OSAS are not fully understood.
  • Understanding these connections can aid in early diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and describe the specific ophthalmological findings in patients diagnosed with OSAS.
  • To compare ocular parameters between OSAS patients and a control group without OSAS.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, analytic study with prospective and transversal components.
  • Involved 65 patients with OSAS and 39 control subjects without OSAS.
  • Assessed intraocular pressure (IOP), lacrimal secretion (Schirmer I test), and eyelid laxity.

Main Results:

  • OSAS patients exhibited significantly higher lacrimal hyposecretion compared to controls (p=0.0003).
  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment showed a positive effect on tear production (p=0.0118).
  • No significant difference in IOP or glaucoma prevalence was found between groups; IOP did not significantly correlate with apnea/hypopnea index (AHI).

Conclusions:

  • OSAS patients present with abnormal tear secretion and a higher prevalence of eyelid laxity, indicative of floppy eyelid syndrome.
  • Intraocular pressure and glaucoma prevalence in OSAS patients are comparable to the general population.
  • CPAP therapy may offer benefits for the ocular surface by improving tear secretion.