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Chirality in Nature

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid. The...

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An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

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Tunable Chiral Optics in All-Solid-Phase Reconfigurable Dielectric Nanostructures.

Jingang Li¹, Mingsong Wang^1,2, Zilong Wu¹

¹Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.

|December 29, 2020

Summary

Researchers developed reconfigurable chiral nanostructures using silicon nanoparticles and nanowires. These structures enable on-demand tuning of optical properties and label-free biomolecule discrimination.

Keywords:

biosensing dielectric materials optical coupling optical nanofabrication reconfigurable chiral metamaterials

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Area of Science:

Nanophotonics
Materials Science
Optics

Background:

Subwavelength nanostructures offer tunable optical functionalities crucial for nanophotonic systems.
Precise control over nanostructure configuration on solid substrates is vital for on-chip device integration.

Purpose of the Study:

To report all-solid-phase reconfigurable chiral nanostructures with tunable configurations and chiroptical responses.
To investigate the origin of optical chirality and its enhancement through coupled resonances.
To demonstrate the application of these nanostructures in label-free enantiodiscrimination of biomolecules.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of silicon nanoparticle and nanowire structures.
Dynamic manipulation of silicon nanoparticles to reconfigure nanostructures.
Numerical simulations and coupled-mode theory analysis to understand optical chirality.
Experimental demonstration of label-free enantiodiscrimination.

Main Results:

Achieved all-solid-phase reconfigurable chiral nanostructures with silicon nanoparticles and nanowires.
Identified handedness-dependent coupling between nanoparticle and nanowire optical resonances as the source of chirality.
Observed enhanced optical near-field chirality due to coexisting electric and magnetic resonances.
Demonstrated label-free enantiodiscrimination of biomolecules using single nanostructures.

Conclusions:

The study provides insights into designing functional high-index materials with tunable optical properties.
Introduced new strategies for developing adaptive nanophotonic and nanoelectronic devices.
Highlighted the potential of reconfigurable chiral nanostructures for advanced sensing applications.