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Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Coronary Artery Revascularization
Published on: September 15, 2023
Clinical recurrence in patients with sequential bridges in coronary artery bypass grafting
Mario Gómez-Sánchez1, Roberto Perezgrovas-Olaria2, Gabriel García-Garnica2
1Departamento de Investigación de Terapia Intensiva y Cirugía Cardiotorácica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez.
Insights
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using sequential or simple grafts showed similar low rates of recurrence, new ischemic events, or death. This study found no significant differences between the two CABG techniques in patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Interventional Cardiology
- Clinical Outcomes Research
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) management often involves coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
- The choice between sequential and simple grafting techniques in CABG can impact clinical outcomes.
- Understanding recurrence rates is crucial for long-term patient management after CABG.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the recurrence rates of revascularization (redo CABG or PCI), new ischemic events, or death.
- To evaluate outcomes in patients undergoing sequential versus simple CABG.
- To analyze differences in clinical recurrence between sequential and simple graft techniques.
Main Methods:
- An ambispective cohort study included 111 patients with sequential grafts and 145 with simple grafts.
- Patients underwent first on-pump CABG between January 2013 and December 2017.
- Follow-up involved medical record review and telephone contact to assess reintervention, new ischemic events, or cardiac death.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant difference in recurrence proportion: 6.5% for sequential vs. 4.8% for simple grafts (p = 0.60).
- Recurrence incidence rates were similar: 1.99 events/10^3 patient-months for sequential vs. 1.47 for simple (p = 0.58).
- Lower average pump and cross-clamping times per graft were observed for sequential grafting, though not statistically significant (p = 0.7).
Conclusions:
- Both sequential and simple CABG techniques demonstrate a low incidence of clinical recurrence.
- There are no significant differences in major adverse cardiac events between sequential and simple grafting.
- The choice of grafting technique does not appear to influence short-term clinical recurrence rates.
Objetivo:
Comparar las tasas de recurrencia de revascularización coronaria (cirugía o intervención coronaria percutánea), nuevo evento isquémico o muerte en pacientes con puentes secuenciales y con puentes simples.
MéTodo:
Cohortes ambispectivas de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revascularización coronaria secuencial (n = 111) o simple (n = 145) entre el 1 de enero de 2013 y el 31 de diciembre de 2017. Pacientes mayores de 18 años en un primer procedimiento de revascularización, con circulación extracorpórea. Para el seguimiento se realizó revisión del expediente o comunicación telefónica hasta el 9 de febrero de 2019. Se investigaron los siguientes desenlaces: reintervención por isquemia coronaria, nuevo evento isquémico documentado o muerte atribuida a cardiopatía isquémica; también se obtuvieron curvas de sobrevida.
Resultados:
La proporción de recurrencia según la técnica quirúrgica no fue estadísticamente diferente: secuencial 6.5% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 2.6-12.6%) contra simple 4.8% (IC95%: 2-9.7%; p = 0.60; análisis bayesiano BF10 = 0.37; evidencia moderada a no diferencia), todos por nuevo evento isquémico y un fallecimiento por grupo. No hubo diferencias en el tiempo de seguimiento: secuencial 59 meses (IC95%: 56-62) y simple 66 meses (IC95%: 64-68). No encontramos diferencia en las tasas de incidencia de recurrencia: secuencial 1.99 eventos/103 meses-paciente contra simple 1.47 (hazard ratio: 1.34; IC95%: 0.47-3.8; p = 0.58). El tiempo promedio de pinzamiento y de circulación extracorpórea por puente fue menor en el grupo de puentes combinados (41.44 minutos de circulación extracorpórea y 24.69 minutos de pinzamiento/puente) que en el de puentes simples (43 minutos en circulación extracorpórea y 26.4 minutos de pinzamiento/puente) cuando se ajusta al promedio de puentes colocados (simples 2.7 y secuencial 3.25; p < 0.001); sin embargo, no se encontró significancia estadística (p = 0.7).
ConclusióN:
Ambos procedimientos tuvieron una baja incidencia de recurrencia de eventos clínicos, sin diferencias entre las técnicas quirúrgicas.
Objective:
To compare the recurrence rates of revascularization (redo CABG or PCI), new ischemic event or death in patients with simple grafts and patients with sequential grafts.
Method:
Study design is an ambispective cohort of patients that underwent CABG by sequential grafting (n = 111) or simple grafting (n = 145) between January 1st, 2013 and December 31st, 2017. Patients had to be 18 years old at the time of surgery, undergoing their first on-pump CABG. The clinical record of every patient was carefully reviewed and patients who had incomplete follow-up in external consultation were contacted by telephone in order to obtain data about ischemia related reintervention (CABG or PCI), new documented ischemic event or death caused by coronary artery disease, Kaplan-Meier estimators were calculated.
Results:
The proportion of recurrence depending on technique was not statistically different: sequential (6.5% [CI95% 2.6-12.6%] versus simple 4.8% [CI95% 2-9.7%], p = 0.60, Bayesian analysis BF10 = 0.37; moderate evidence to no difference), each one related to new ischemic event and one death per group. There were no differences in follow-up time (sequential 59m [CI95% 56-62] simple 66m [CI95% 64-68]). No difference was found regarding recurrence incidence rates; sequential 1.99 events x 103 months-patient, versus simple 1.47 (HR=1.34; CI95% 0.47-3.8, p = 0.58). Pump and cross-clamping times were lower for sequential technique (41.44 min; 24.69 min respectively) versus simple technique (43 min; 26.4 min respectively) with a p = 0.7 after adjusting to mean grafts per surgery (2.7 simple; 3.25 sequential, p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Both techniques had a low incidence of clinical recurrence, without significant differences between procedures.
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