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Related Concept Videos

Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

972
Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
972
Sampling Plans01:23

Sampling Plans

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Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis
10:16

Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis

Published on: December 16, 2016

50.4K

Comparative study of three sampling methods for microplastics analysis in seawater.

Yifan Zheng1, Jingxi Li2, Chengjun Sun3

  • 1Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, Key Lab of Ecological Environment Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.

The Science of the Total Environment
|January 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Microplastic sampling methods significantly impact abundance data. Direct filtration yielded the highest counts, while Manta trawling showed lower but less stable results. Method choice is crucial for accurate marine microplastic research.

Keywords:
ATR-μ-FT-IRDirect filtrationManta trawlMicroplasticsSampling methodsSeawater

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Marine Biology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Microplastics are pervasive marine pollutants, with sampling methodology critically influencing abundance data.
  • Standardized methods are essential for reliable microplastic quantification and comparative studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of three common microplastic sampling methods on abundance, polymer composition, and size distribution.
  • To compare the efficiency and stability of direct filtration, sieve pre-concentration, and Manta trawling for microplastic collection.

Main Methods:

  • Direct filtration using 0.45 μm pore size membranes.
  • Pre-concentration with a 20 μm sieve followed by 0.45 μm filtration.
  • Manta trawling with a 150 μm mesh size net.

Main Results:

  • Microplastic abundance varied by orders of magnitude: 1600.0-4000.0 items/m³ (direct filtration), 10.0-50.0 items/m³ (sieve pre-concentration), and 0.13-0.24 items/m³ (Manta trawling).
  • Polymer proportions differed, with PES and rayon dominating filtration methods, and PES and PP prevalent in trawling samples.
  • Microplastic size increased with mesh/pore size, and method stability decreased as mesh/pore size increased.

Conclusions:

  • Sampling method choice profoundly affects microplastic quantification and characterization in marine environments.
  • Direct filtration and sieve pre-concentration showed correlated results, while Manta trawling offered higher efficiency but lower stability.
  • Selecting an appropriate sampling strategy based on research conditions is vital for enhancing data credibility.