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Blood eosinophils associate with reduced lung function growth in adolescent asthmatics
Hans Jacob L Koefoed1,2, Ulrike Gehring3, Judith M Vonk2,4
1Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Summary
In children with asthma not on inhaled corticosteroids, higher blood eosinophil counts predict poorer lung function growth. This association is linked to asthma severity, suggesting a potential target for future treatments.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Inflammation Research
Background:
- Asthma in children can lead to reduced lung growth, increasing future COPD risk.
- Identifying children at risk for impaired lung development is crucial.
- Blood eosinophils are a marker of type 2 inflammation in asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if blood eosinophil counts predict lung function growth in children with asthma.
- To determine if asthma severity influences the relationship between eosinophils and lung growth.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study of two cohorts: hospital-based asthmatic children (n=133) and a general population birth cohort (PIAMA, n=955).
- Linear mixed models used to analyze blood eosinophils and lung function growth (FEV1, FVC).
- Hospital-based cohort children were treatment-naive for inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) at referral.
Main Results:
- In the asthma cohort, higher blood eosinophils correlated with significantly less growth in FEV1 (-0.66%/year) and FVC (-0.40%/year) during adolescence.
- These associations were not found in the general population cohort, irrespective of asthma status.
- The hospital-based asthma cohort exhibited more severe asthma than the population-based cohort.
Conclusions:
- Blood eosinophil counts predict reduced lung function growth in children with severe asthma not treated with ICS.
- The predictive value of eosinophils for lung growth is dependent on asthma severity.
- Further research is needed on anti-eosinophilic therapies to preserve lung growth in pediatric asthma.
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