Pediatric bronchiectasis: An orphan disease ending in pneumonectomy: A case report

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Development of Obliterative Bronchiolitis in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Lung Transplantation
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Esubalew Taddese Mindaye1, Goytom Knfe Tesfay2, Maru Gama Erge2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Swaziland Street 1271, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
|January 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric bronchiectasis, a chronic lung disease, requires prompt diagnosis and intervention to prevent severe complications. Early recognition of symptoms like persistent cough is vital for effective management and improved outcomes in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Case Study

Background:

  • Bronchiectasis is a chronic inflammatory lung disease causing irreversible airway damage and reduced lung function in children.
  • Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care are essential for managing exacerbations and preserving lung function.

Observation:

  • A 10-year-old female presented with a 5-week history of wet cough, low-grade fever, shortness of breath, fatigue, and appetite loss.
  • The patient underwent a left pneumonectomy via left posterolateral thoracotomy and was discharged in stable condition.

Findings:

  • Common causes of pediatric bronchiectasis include recurrent infections, primary immune deficiency, ciliary dyskinesia, foreign body aspiration, and structural abnormalities.
  • High Resolution Computerized Tomography (HRCT) is the diagnostic standard for bronchiectasis severity assessment.

Implications:

  • Delayed diagnosis in children, often due to atypical symptoms, leads to significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Surgical resection is a last resort for refractory cases of pediatric bronchiectasis unresponsive to medical management.
Abstract

Keywords:
BronchiectasisCase reportPediatric bronchiectasisPediatrics

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