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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

987
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
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¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

1.5K
A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied...
1.5K
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

1.1K
At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
1.1K
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR

1.4K
The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
1.4K
NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:34

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

9.9K
Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling...
9.9K
¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution00:48

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution

1.1K
This lesson illustrates the role of deuterium substitution in simplifying the NMR spectrum of compounds comprising labile protons. One method employed is the use of deuterium. Amongst the three isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (2H) has a nucleus composed of one proton and one neutron. When the D2O solvent is added to a pure dry ethanol solution, its labile proton is substituted with deuterium.
1.1K

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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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2D Raman-THz Spectroscopy of Binary CHBr3-MeOH Solvent Mixture.

A Shalit1, S J Mousavi1, P Hamm1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|January 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hybrid 2D Raman-terahertz (THz) spectroscopy reveals new low-frequency modes in CHBr3-MeOH mixtures. Hydrogen bonding between solvents creates distinct spectral signatures, indicating coupled intermolecular vibrations.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding solvent-solvent interactions is crucial for predicting mixture properties.
  • Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy probes collective intermolecular motions in liquids.
  • Raman spectroscopy provides information on intramolecular vibrations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the coupling between intramolecular and intermolecular dynamics in binary solvent mixtures.
  • To identify new low-frequency modes arising from hydrogen bonding in CHBr3-MeOH mixtures.
  • To utilize hybrid 2D Raman-THz spectroscopy for probing solvent interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Hybrid 2D Raman-terahertz (THz) spectroscopy was employed.
  • Measurements were conducted on binary CHBr3-MeOH solvent mixtures across a 1-7 THz frequency range.
  • 1D absorption measurements of neat methanol and CHBr3-CS2 mixtures were used for comparison.

Main Results:

  • A new cross-peak signature appeared in the 2D spectrum of the CHBr3-MeOH mixture at a 0.3 molar fraction of MeOH.
  • This new peak indicates coupling between the CHBr3 intramolecular bending mode and new low-frequency modes.
  • These new modes are attributed to hydrogen bond interactions between CHBr3 and MeOH.

Conclusions:

  • Hybrid 2D Raman-THz spectroscopy effectively detects changes in intermolecular dynamics due to hydrogen bonding.
  • The study identifies novel low-frequency modes in binary solvent mixtures driven by specific solvent-solvent interactions.
  • This technique offers a powerful tool for characterizing complex liquid mixtures.