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Surface Modification by Divalent Main-Group-Elemental Ions for Improved Bone Remodeling To Instruct Implant
Jiaxing Gong1,2,3, Miao Sun1,3, Shaolong Wang1,3
1The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 395 Yanan Road, Hangzhou 310003, China.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|January 6, 2021
Summary
Strontium (Sr2+) modification of titanium implants significantly enhances bone healing and osseointegration. Sr2+ improves stem cell activity and bone formation while reducing inflammation and fibrosis, making it ideal for orthopedic and dental applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Research
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Divalent ions like Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ are used to enhance the osteogenic capacity of titanium (Ti)-based implants.
- Inconsistent findings regarding osseointegration and immunogenicity exist due to complex bone remodeling and material surface variations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To create porous micro/nanostructured surfaces with divalent ions on Ti substrates using hydrothermal treatment.
- To comprehensively evaluate the effects of these modifications on osseointegration, immunogenicity, and fibrosis.
- To identify the optimal divalent ion for enhancing implant performance.
Main Methods:
- Hydrothermal treatment to create micro/nanostructured surfaces with Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ on Ti substrates.
- In vitro evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation.
- In vivo assessment of new bone formation, histological morphology, and removal torque.
- Analysis of osteoclastogenesis, immunogenicity, and fibrosis markers.
Main Results:
- Sr2+-modified implants showed significantly upregulated stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation compared to Mg2+, Ca2+, and Ba2+.
- Osteoclastogenesis, immunogenicity, and fibrosis were significantly downregulated in Sr2+-modified implants.
- In vivo studies confirmed enhanced osseointegration, new bone formation, and absence of adverse reactions (immunogenicity, fibrosis, necrosis) for Sr2+-modified implants.
Conclusions:
- Sr2+ is a promising divalent ion for enhancing bone remodeling and osseointegration of Ti-based implants.
- Sr2+ modification offers a potential strategy for functionalizing orthopedic and dental implant surfaces.
- This approach could lead to improved outcomes in bone regeneration and implant therapy.
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