Sudden Cell Death Induced by Ca2+ Delivery via Microbubble Cavitation
Martynas Maciulevičius1, Diana Navickaitė1, Sonam Chopra1
1Biophysical Research Group, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos st. 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Biomedicines
|January 7, 2021
Summary
Calcium sonoporation offers an alternative to chemotherapy, but its mechanism was unclear. This study shows extracellular calcium and ultrasound-mediated cavitation rapidly induce cell death by affecting membrane integrity and viability.
Area of Science:
- Biophysics
- Cell Biology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Intracellular calcium ion delivery via sonoporation is a potential alternative to chemotherapy.
- The precise mechanism of calcium sonoporation remains largely unelucidated.
- Understanding calcium's role is crucial for optimizing sonoporation therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of extracellular calcium concentration on cell membrane permeabilization and viability post-sonoporation.
- To elucidate the role of calcium in ultrasound-mediated cell membrane transport.
- To determine the relationship between inertial cavitation and calcium delivery efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Sonoporation with varying extracellular calcium concentrations.
- Ultrasound-microbubble cavitation induction.
- Cell viability assessment using propidium iodide, MTT, and clonogenic assays.
- Correlation analysis between inertial cavitation dose and cellular effects.
Main Results:
- Extracellular calcium significantly impacts cell membrane molecular transport during sonoporation.
- Ultrasound-microbubble cavitation in the presence of calcium affects cell membrane integrity, metabolic activity, and colony formation.
- Calcium delivery via sonoporation induces rapid cell death within 20 minutes, linked to inertial cavitation.
Conclusions:
- Extracellular calcium plays a critical role in calcium sonoporation efficacy.
- Ultrasound-mediated microbubble cavitation is the primary driver of rapid cell death.
- Sonoporation-mediated calcium delivery demonstrates potential as a rapid cell death induction method.
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