Six Immune Associated Genes Construct Prognostic Model Evaluate Low-Grade Glioma

Area of Science:

• Neuro-oncology
• Immunology
• Genomics

Background:

• Tumor-associated microglia/macrophages (TAMs) play a critical role in glioma progression and drug resistance.
• The precise mechanisms by which TAMs influence glioma remain incompletely understood.
• Further investigation into the glioma-TAM relationship is essential for advancing immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify key genes associated with TAMs in glioma.
• To develop a prognostic model for glioma patients based on these genes.
• To evaluate the diagnostic and predictive efficacy of the model in independent cohorts.

Main Methods:

• Utilized gene expression data from NCBI GEO for 20 glioma and 15 control samples.
• Performed Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses, PPI network, and single-cell sequencing to screen differentially expressed genes.
• Constructed a risk score model using six selected genes and validated it using TCGA and CGGA datasets.

Main Results:

• Identified six genes (CD163, FPR3, LPAR5, P2ry12, PLAUR, SIGLEC1) involved in signal transduction and plasma membrane.
• Found that CD163, FPR3, and SIGLEC1 are predominantly expressed in M2 macrophages.
• Observed that FPR3 and SIGLEC1 expression correlates with glioma grade and IDH status, and a high-risk score significantly predicts poorer overall survival, especially in low-grade glioma (LGG).

Conclusions:

• The identified six genes show potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for glioma.
• This gene signature is particularly promising for evaluating prognosis in low-grade glioma (LGG).
• The findings contribute to understanding the role of TAMs in glioma and offer a basis for targeted therapeutic strategies.