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Updated: Nov 22, 2025
Author Spotlight: Novel Assay for Studying B-Cell Responses in Multiple Sclerosis Research
Published on: December 1, 2023
Targeting B cells to modify MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD: Part 2
Jonas Graf1, Jan Mares1, Michael Barnett1
1From the Department of Neurology (J.G., O.A., P.A., H.-P.H.), University Hospital, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Brain and Mind Centre (M.B., H.-P.H.), Department of Neurology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Neurology (S.S.Z.), UCSF Weill Institute of Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco.
B cell-depleting therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, show efficacy in multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD), and MOGAD. Long-term safety and pandemic impacts are discussed.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Immunotherapy
- Clinical Neurology
Background:
- B cell-targeting immunotherapies are advancing for inflammatory CNS disorders.
- Ocrelizumab and inebilizumab are approved for multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD), respectively.
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G-associated disease (MOGAD) is an emerging condition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review B cell-depleting monoclonal antibody strategies for NMOSD and MOGAD.
- To assess clinical studies and safety profiles of these therapies.
- To discuss the impact of COVID-19 on patient management.
Main Methods:
- Review of case series and phase 2/3 studies.
- Analysis of B cell-depleting agents targeting CD19 or CD20.
- Evaluation of safety data and pandemic-related management challenges.
Main Results:
- Several B cell-depleting agents demonstrate efficacy in MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD.
- Long-term safety data for B cell depletion in these conditions are being established.
- The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates careful consideration of treatment strategies.
Conclusions:
- B cell depletion represents a significant therapeutic avenue for NMOSD and MOGAD.
- Ongoing research is crucial for optimizing long-term safety and efficacy.
- Adapting treatment protocols during pandemics is essential for patient care.
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