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Effects of a transformative learning theory based debriefing in simulation: A randomized trial.

Yun-Jeong Oh1, Hee-Young Kang2, Yeoungsuk Song3

  • 1Nambu University Department of Nursing, Gwangju, South Korea.

Nurse Education in Practice
|January 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Transformative Learning Theory (TLT) debriefing significantly improved nursing students' problem-solving, critical thinking, and clinical judgment in simulations. This approach enhances essential skills for patient care, outperforming traditional methods.

Keywords:
Clinical judgmentCritical thinkingKnowledgeProblem-solvingTransformative learning theory

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Education
  • Simulation-Based Learning
  • Adult Learning Theory

Background:

  • Debriefing is crucial in simulation-based learning for reflection and skill development.
  • Mezirow's Transformative Learning Theory (TLT) emphasizes critical reflection in professional practice, including nursing.
  • Clinical judgment is a key competency for nurses in patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of TLT-based debriefing versus a non-TLT-based protocol.
  • To evaluate the impact on nursing students' knowledge, problem-solving, critical thinking, and clinical judgment.
  • To determine if TLT debriefing enhances skills vital for patient care.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 56 junior nursing students in South Korea.
  • Four weeks of simulation debriefing using either TLT or a gather-analyze-summarize protocol.
  • Assessment of knowledge, problem-solving process, critical thinking disposition, and clinical judgment.

Main Results:

  • The TLT group demonstrated significantly higher scores in problem-solving, critical thinking disposition, and clinical judgment.
  • Significant main effects of group, time, and time-by-group interaction were found for clinical judgment components (noticing, interpreting, responding).
  • Knowledge scores did not differ significantly between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • TLT-based debriefing is an effective strategy to enhance problem-solving, critical thinking, and clinical judgment in nursing students.
  • This approach can be adapted within simulation to improve nursing education outcomes.
  • TLT debriefing positively impacts core competencies essential for providing safe and effective patient care.