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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Obese Patients: a UK Population Analysis.

S Erridge1, O Moussa2, C McIntyre2

  • 1Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Academic Surgical Unit, 10th Floor QEQM, St Mary's Hospital, South Wharf Road, London, W2 1NY, UK. simon.erridge12@imperial.ac.uk.

Obesity Surgery
|January 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in obese patients. Male sex, higher BMI, smoking, COPD, GERD, hypothyroidism, acromegaly, and benzodiazepine use increase OSA risk, while bariatric surgery reduces it.

Keywords:
ObesityObstructive sleep apneaRisk factorsScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition linked to severe health issues, including cardiovascular disease and mortality.
  • A significant number of OSA cases remain undiagnosed, particularly within obese populations.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for early detection and management of OSA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk factors associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a cohort of obese patients.
  • To identify specific comorbidities and demographic factors that increase the likelihood of developing OSA.
  • To evaluate the potential protective effect of bariatric surgery against OSA in obese individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study utilizing data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) on obese patients (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²).
  • Logistic regression and multivariate analysis were employed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for OSA based on various clinicopathological characteristics.
  • Statistical significance was determined using a p-value threshold of < 0.050.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of OSA in the studied obese cohort was 5.4% (276,600 patients).
  • Independent risk factors for OSA included male sex (OR=3.273), BMI class II (OR=1.640), BMI class III (OR=3.768), smoking (OR=1.179), COPD (OR=1.722), GERD (OR=1.557), hypothyroidism (OR=1.311), acromegaly (OR=3.543), and benzodiazepine use (OR=1.492).
  • Bariatric surgery demonstrated a significant protective effect, reducing the risk of OSA (OR=0.260).

Conclusions:

  • Obese patients with specific comorbidities face a higher risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • These identified risk factors can aid clinicians in recognizing and diagnosing undiagnosed OSA.
  • Bariatric surgery appears to be a protective factor against the development of OSA in obese individuals.