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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
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Correction: Mano et al. Fluidity of Poly (ε-Caprolactone)-Based Material Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2020, <i>21</i>, 1757.

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Simple Polyacrylamide-based Multiwell Stiffness Assay for the Study of Stiffness-dependent Cell Responses
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Substrate Fluidity Regulates Cell Adhesion and Morphology on Poly(ε-caprolactone)-Based Materials.

Koichiro Uto1, Sharmy S Mano1, Takao Aoyagi1

  • 1Biomaterials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|January 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Cell behavior, including adhesion and morphology, is primarily governed by the fluidity of biodegradable polymer substrates, not their elasticity. This finding impacts tissue engineering and stem cell research.

Keywords:
fluiditymechanobiologysemicrystalline polymertemperature-responsive polymerviscoelasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Mechanostructural signals from the extracellular matrix influence cell functions.
  • The role of substrate fluidity in regulating cell behavior remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of substrate fluidity versus elasticity on cell adhesion, morphology, and behavior.
  • To develop and utilize a tunable poly(ε-caprolactone-co-D,L-lactide) (CL-DLLA) system for cell culture studies.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized CL-DLLA films with varying elasticity and fluidity by adjusting amorphous-crystal phase transition temperature and chemical cross-linking.
  • Cultured NIH 3T3 fibroblasts on these substrates to observe adhesion, spreading, and morphology.
  • Assessed the influence of substrate fluidity on cell behavior.

Main Results:

  • Substrate fluidity, rather than elasticity, significantly regulated NIH 3T3 fibroblast adhesion and morphology.
  • Increased substrate fluidity led to decreased cell spread area and enhanced spheroid formation.
  • Substrate stiffness showed minimal impact on cell spread area, suggesting cells sense dynamic environmental properties.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular responses are more sensitive to the dynamic properties (fluidity) of their surrounding matrix than static stiffness.
  • Findings provide a basis for developing advanced tissue engineering scaffolds and engineered stem cell niches.
  • Highlights the importance of considering dynamic mechanostructural stimuli in cell fate investigations.