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Marine Waste-Sources, Fate, Risks, Challenges and Research Needs.
Jolanta Dąbrowska1, Marcin Sobota2, Małgorzata Świąder3
1Institute of Building Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|January 12, 2021
Summary
Marine waste, including plastics, poses a significant global challenge. Urgent action is needed to prevent oceans from containing more plastic than fish by 2050, addressing pollution from land, ships, and historical dumping.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Marine Biology
- Oceanography
Background:
- Marine waste is a growing global challenge, impacting ecosystems and economies.
- Plastic waste threatens to outweigh fish populations by 2050 without intervention.
- Pollution sources include land-based activities, shipping, and historical dumping of hazardous materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of marine waste issues.
- To identify sources, fate, risks, and legislative challenges.
- To highlight knowledge gaps and emerging threats like microplastics and pandemic impacts.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
- Analysis of legislative frameworks and international agreements.
- Assessment of environmental and health risks associated with marine waste.
Main Results:
- Marine waste stems from diverse sources, with significant land-based contributions.
- Legislation is evolving to manage ship waste and vessel recycling impacts.
- Historical dumping of chemical and radioactive waste continues to pose risks.
Conclusions:
- Addressing marine waste requires a multi-faceted approach involving global cooperation and policy enforcement.
- Further research is critical to understand the impact of microplastics and nanoplastics.
- The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced new complexities to marine waste management.
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