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Frontotemporal Dementia: A Cross-Cultural Perspective.

Chiadi U Onyike1, Shunichiro Shinagawa2, Ratnavalli Ellajosyula3

  • 1Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. cuo@jhmi.edu.

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Summary

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) affects people globally, but research is limited by regional resource disparities. Expanding international FTD research is crucial for understanding its prevalence and risk factors worldwide.

Keywords:
Cross-cultural perspectiveEpidemiologyFrontotemporal dementiaGenetic diversitySociocultural factorsWorldwide distribution

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a worldwide distribution.
  • Current data on FTD incidence and prevalence are highly variable, likely due to disparities in research expertise, technology, and resources across regions.
  • While FTD phenotypes, genetics, and cultural influences are increasingly understood, resource limitations hinder research in many countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the need for expanded global research on frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
  • To identify key areas for future FTD research, including population studies in underserved regions and among minority groups.
  • To emphasize the importance of international collaboration for advancing FTD understanding and care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on FTD distribution, genetics, and cultural factors.
  • Identification of research gaps, particularly concerning FTD frequency and risk factors in developing regions and minority populations.
  • Discussion of the need for psychometric validation and translation of diagnostic criteria across languages and cultures.

Main Results:

  • Significant variability exists in available FTD incidence and prevalence data globally.
  • Resource limitations represent a major barrier to comprehensive FTD research and care in many parts of the world.
  • There is a pressing need to investigate FTD risk factors, including genetic susceptibility, in diverse populations.

Conclusions:

  • International collaboration is essential to overcome resource disparities in FTD research.
  • Future research should focus on population studies, genetic risk factor analysis, and culturally adapted diagnostic tools for FTD.
  • Expanding research centers to developing regions will improve global understanding and management of frontotemporal dementia.