Isolation, characterization and prevention of various microbial strains in NIC unit and PIC unit
M Amin Mir1, Muhammad Waqar Ashraf2, Vibha Tripathi3
1Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia. mohdaminmir@gmail.com.
Abstract:
The health of the hospital associated persons, particularly those dealing directly with insertion of devices, are serious cause of concern for hospitals. In this study, the most prevalent organism on the surface of medical devices in PICU were CoNS (16.66%) and Staphylococcus aureus (16.66%), while in NICU the most prevalent organism was Klebsiella spp. (11.25%) among Entero-bacteriaceae group followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (10%), Escherichia coli (2.5%), CoNS (6.25%), S. aureus (6.25%) and Enterococcus faecalis (6.25%). The most common species identified from blood specimen of clinical samples shows the maximum presence of Candida sp. (60/135) followed by A. baumannii (21/135), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (20/135), Enterococci (12/135), Burkholderia cepacia complex (8/135), S. aureus (6/135), E. coli (5/135), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3/135). Different antibiotics have been used against these micro-organisms; but Cotrimoxazole, Vancomycin have been found more effective against CoNS bacteria, Clindamycin, Tetracycline for S. aureus, Nitofurantoin for Acinetobacter, and for E. faecalis, A. baumanii, and Klebsiella, erythromycin, Colistin, and Ceftriaxone have been found more effective respectively.
Insights
Hospital-acquired infections are a concern, especially with medical devices. This study identified common bacteria like Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and Staphylococcus aureus on devices and in clinical samples, guiding effective antibiotic choices.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Hospital Epidemiology
Background:
- Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) pose a significant risk to patients and staff, particularly with the use of medical devices.
- Identifying prevalent microorganisms on medical devices in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) and Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) is crucial for infection control.
- Understanding the microbial landscape in clinical samples is essential for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the most prevalent microorganisms colonizing medical devices in PICU and NICU settings.
- To determine the common microbial pathogens in clinical samples from these units.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of different antibiotics against the identified microorganisms.
Main Methods:
- Microbial surveillance of medical device surfaces in PICU and NICU.
- Analysis of microbial species from blood specimens of clinical samples.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to determine effective treatment options.
Main Results:
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and Staphylococcus aureus were the most prevalent on PICU devices (16.66% each).
- In NICU, Klebsiella spp. (11.25%), Acinetobacter baumannii (10%), and Escherichia coli (2.5%) were dominant among Enterobacteriaceae, alongside CoNS, S. aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis.
- Candida spp. (approx. 44%), A. baumannii (approx. 16%), and Klebsiella Pneumoniae (approx. 15%) were most common in blood samples.
Conclusions:
- Specific antibiotics show efficacy against common pathogens: Cotrimoxazole and Vancomycin for CoNS; Clindamycin and Tetracycline for S. aureus.
- Nitofurantoin is effective against Acinetobacter, while Erythromycin, Colistin, and Ceftriaxone are recommended for E. faecalis, A. baumannii, and Klebsiella, respectively.
- Targeted antimicrobial therapy based on identified microbial prevalence can improve patient outcomes and infection control in critical care settings.
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