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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells

Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells

Published on: August 2, 2022

Targeting metastatic cancer.

Karuna Ganesh^1,2, Joan Massagué³

¹Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA. ganeshk@mskcc.org.

Nature Medicine

|January 14, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Metastasis, the spread of cancer, causes most cancer deaths. New research reveals the unique biology of metastasis-initiating cells, offering hope for better treatments targeting cancer spread and improving patient survival.

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Published on: September 26, 2016

Area of Science:

Oncology
Cancer Biology
Immunotherapy

Background:

Metastasis is the primary driver of cancer mortality despite therapeutic advancements.
Metastasis-initiating cells possess unique biological characteristics enabling distant tumor growth and immune evasion.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent progress in understanding and treating both micro- and macrometastases.
To highlight therapeutic opportunities for targeting metastatic relapse.

Main Methods:

Analysis of cancer sequencing data.
Mechanistic studies of metastasis.
Review of clinical trials, including immunotherapy.

Main Results:

Uncovered unique biology of metastasis-initiating cells.
Identified mechanisms of immune evasion and microenvironment co-option.
Gained insights into the origins and nature of metastases.

Conclusions:

Recent progress provides new therapeutic avenues for treating metastases.
Targeting metastasis-initiating cells and metastatic relapse can improve patient outcomes.
Further research and clinical trials are crucial for developing effective anti-metastasis strategies.