Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

3.0K

Type 1 diabetes mellitus in children: experience in Indonesia

Aman B Pulungan1, Ghaisani Fadiana1, Diadra Annisa1

  • 1Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology : Case Reports and Clinical Investigations : Official Journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology
|January 15, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Indonesian children is rising, with low awareness leading to frequent diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) diagnoses. Improved management requires addressing funding, cultural practices, and care disparities through multi-stakeholder collaboration.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Increasing prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in Indonesian children, often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed.
  • Low public and healthcare awareness contributes to delayed diagnosis, frequently presenting as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges and needs for effective T1DM management in Indonesian children.
  • To emphasize the importance of multi-stakeholder involvement for optimal diabetes care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current T1DM management guidelines and challenges in Indonesia.
  • Analysis of factors impacting T1DM care, including awareness, diagnosis, treatment, and healthcare system issues.

Main Results:

  • High rates of misdiagnosis and DKA indicate significant awareness gaps.
  • National health insurance funding, Ramadan fasting, and care inequities pose major management hurdles.
  • The Indonesian Pediatric Society has established management guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent need for increased public and healthcare professional awareness regarding T1DM in children.
  • Collaborative efforts involving society, healthcare workers, stakeholders, and government are crucial for improving T1DM management and outcomes.

Keywords:
Indonesiachildrendiabetestype 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)

More Related Videos

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells06:27

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells

Published on: May 6, 2013

17.1K
Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies09:15

Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies

Published on: March 23, 2018

15.7K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
4.3K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
3.9K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
2.5K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
1.6K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
412
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
13.1K