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Evaluation of Intranasal Vaccine Delivery Using Anatomical Replicas of Infant Nasal Airways
John V Wilkins1, Laleh Golshahi2, Nausheen Rahman3
1Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E. Leigh St, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA.
Insights
Nasal vaccine delivery in infants shows high efficiency (86.57%) using anatomical replicas. Delivery patterns vary by infant model, but overall efficiency remains consistent, aiding device development.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Vaccinology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- Nasal vaccination is effective for respiratory infections, inducing mucosal and systemic immunity.
- Limited data exists on nasal vaccine distribution, particularly in infants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess intranasal vaccine delivery efficiency in infants using anatomical nasal replicas.
- To understand how breathing conditions and administration parameters affect nasal vaccine distribution.
Main Methods:
- Developed anatomical nasal replicas from five infants (3-24 months).
- Utilized the MAD Nasal™ device for intranasal vaccine delivery simulation.
- Employed High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to quantify deposition and efficiency.
Main Results:
- Achieved an average delivery efficiency of 86.57% across all models.
- Total delivery efficiency showed no significant differences between infant models.
- Regional deposition patterns varied based on the specific infant model and administration technique.
- Modifying insertion length (foam tip removal) did not significantly impact efficiency in tested models.
Conclusions:
- Anatomical nasal replicas offer a valuable benchmark for evaluating intranasal vaccine delivery devices.
- This platform facilitates comparative analysis of novel nasal vaccine delivery systems for infants.
Purpose:
Nasal delivery is a favorable route for vaccination against most respiratory infections, as antigen deposited in the nasal turbinate and Waldeyer's ring areas induce mucosal and systemic immune responses. However, little is known about the nasal distribution of the vaccines, specifically for infants.
Methods:
Anatomical nasal replicas of five subjects, 3-24 months, were developed to assess local intranasal vaccine delivery using MAD Nasal™ device, and understand impact of breathing conditions and administration parameters. High performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify the deposition pattern and determine the delivery efficiency.
Results:
The delivery efficiency on average for all models was found to be 86.57±14.23%. There were no significant differences in the total delivery efficiency between the models in all cases. However, the regional deposition pattern was altered based on the model and subsequent administration. Furthermore, removing the foam tip from the MAD Nasal™ device, to study the impact of insertion length, did not significantly increase the efficiency within the two models tested, 5- and 16-month.
Conclusion:
Incorporating nasal replicas in testing provided a benchmark to determine the efficiency of a common intranasal vaccine delivery combination product. This proposed platform would allow comparing other potential nasal vaccine delivery devices.
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