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Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
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Published on: December 23, 2020

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Dysregulation of Cell Signaling by SARS-CoV-2

Rahul K Suryawanshi1, Raghuram Koganti1, Alex Agelidis2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Trends in Microbiology
|January 16, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) hijacks host cell processes for replication, weakening immune responses. Understanding this viral-host interaction is key to developing new SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pathogens manipulate host cellular pathways for replication.
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic necessitates understanding pathogen-host interactions.
  • SARS-CoV-2 reorganizes host cytoskeleton and transcriptional processes, dysregulates innate immunity, and weakens interferon (IFN) responses, leading to delayed hyperinflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle and its interactions with host signaling pathways.
  • To discuss functional changes in SARS-CoV-2 proteins compared to SARS-CoV.
  • To identify strategic clues for novel therapeutic development against SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

  • Review and analysis of existing literature on SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
  • Comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV proteins.
  • Assessment of host signaling pathway alterations during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 exhibits an aggressive life cycle, manipulating host cell entry and protein translation.
  • Viral proteins interact with and dysregulate host signaling pathways, including innate immune defenses.
  • A delayed hyperinflammatory response and weakened IFN signaling are characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the intricate SARS-CoV-2-host interplay is crucial for combating the pandemic.
  • Comparative analysis reveals key differences in viral protein function between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV.
  • Targeting host signaling pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2cell signalingimmune responseviral proteins

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