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Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Near Infrared NIr Light Increases Expression of a Marker of Mitochondrial Function in the Mouse Vestibular Sensory Epithelium
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Melatonin reduces radiation damage in inner ear.

Ting Chen1, Yuling Luo2, Qi Li3

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Melatonin supplementation protected mice inner ears from radiation damage. It reduced hearing loss and cellular damage, suggesting a protective role for melatonin against radiotherapy side effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Ototolaryngology
  • Radiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Radiotherapy can cause significant damage to the inner ear, leading to hearing loss.
  • Melatonin, a hormone with antioxidant properties, has shown potential in protecting against cellular damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of melatonin against radiation-induced inner ear damage in a murine model.
  • To evaluate the impact of melatonin on auditory function, cochlear histology, and gene expression following irradiation.

Main Methods:

  • Balb/c mice were divided into control, melatonin-only, radiotherapy, and melatonin+radiotherapy groups.
  • Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) were used to assess hearing function.
  • Light microscopy and prestin mRNA expression analysis were performed to evaluate inner ear damage.

Main Results:

  • Radiotherapy increased ABR thresholds and wave I latencies, which were reduced by melatonin administration.
  • Melatonin groups exhibited less hearing loss at 8-12 kHz as measured by DPOAEs compared to the radiotherapy-only group.
  • Histopathological analysis revealed that melatonin mitigated radiation-induced cochlear basement membrane breaks, stria vascularis disruption, and outer hair cell swelling.

Conclusions:

  • Melatonin demonstrates a protective effect against radiation-induced cochlear damage.
  • Melatonin reduces outer hair cell damage and preserves auditory function following radiotherapy.
  • The findings suggest melatonin as a potential therapeutic agent to mitigate ototoxicity from radiation therapy.