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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

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Dilatation of the aorta in children with advanced chronic kidney disease

Sophie Quennelle1, Caroline Ovaert1, Mathilde Cailliez2

  • 1Paediatric Cardiology Department, La Timone Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|January 18, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) show a high prevalence of ascending aorta dilation. This arterial vulnerability is linked to hypertension, arteriovenous fistula, and hemodialysis treatments in pediatric CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit increased arterial vulnerability and cardiovascular risk.
  • This risk is attributed to traditional factors, uremic comorbidities, and cardiorenal syndrome (CRS).
  • The cardiovascular impact of uremia in pediatric advanced CKD remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cardiovascular impact of uremic condition in pediatric patients with advanced CKD.
  • To determine the prevalence of arterial abnormalities, specifically ascending aorta dilation, in this population.
  • To identify associated clinical and treatment-related factors.

Main Methods:

  • Echocardiographic evaluation of 39 consecutive pediatric patients with advanced CKD between 2016-2018.
  • Collection of demographic, clinical, biological, and echocardiographic data.
  • Univariate analysis to identify factors associated with aortic dilation.

Main Results:

  • Mean age was 9.7 ± 4.6 years; 61.5% were on hemodialysis.
  • Hypertension (76.9%) and left ventricular hypertrophy (33.3%) were common.
  • Ascending aorta dilation (Z-score > 2) was found in 38.4% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced CKD in children is associated with a high prevalence of ascending aorta dilation.
  • Hypertension, arteriovenous fistula (AVF), and hemodialysis were significantly associated with aortic dilation.
  • These findings highlight increased arterial vulnerability in pediatric CKD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiorenal syndromeCardiovascularChildrenChronic kidney diseaseDilatation of the ascending aortaEchocardiographyLeft ventricular hypertrophy

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