Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 21, 2025
10:27
Real-Time Assessment of Spinal Cord Microperfusion in a Porcine Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion
Published on: December 10, 2020
3.7K
Penetrating Vertebral Artery Injuries: A Literature Review and Proposed Treatment Algorithm.
Keaton Piper1, Maximilian Rabil2, David Ciesla3
1Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
World Neurosurgery
|January 18, 2021
Summary
Penetrating vertebral artery injuries (VAIs) are rare but serious. Treatment is shifting towards less invasive endovascular options, guided by digital subtraction angiography and a new decision algorithm for optimal patient care.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Interventional Radiology
- Trauma Management
Background:
- Penetrating vertebral artery injuries (VAIs) are uncommon yet severe traumas.
- Treatment approaches historically favored surgery, but literature is limited.
- Advancements in digital subtraction angiography enable less invasive endovascular treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review treatment modalities for penetrating VAIs.
- To propose a decision algorithm for managing these injuries.
- To highlight the shift towards endovascular therapies.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
- Two case reports were included.
- A multidisciplinary team developed a treatment decision algorithm.
Main Results:
- 169 patients with penetrating VAI were analyzed.
- Occlusions were often managed conservatively; other injuries (pseudoaneurysm, dissection, etc.) predominantly treated endovascularly.
- Endovascular embolization was effective, but VA sacrifice should be avoided in specific cases identified by angiography.
Conclusions:
- Updated treatment options and a decision algorithm for penetrating VAI are presented.
- There is a clear trend towards endovascular therapy for VAIs.
- Specific VAI variants may necessitate stenting over embolization.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
86
Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
86
01:26Arteries of the Head and Neck
2.3K
The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
2.3K
01:29Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
115
Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
115