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Measuring the complex syntax of school-aged children in language sample analysis: A known-groups validation study.

Peter Cahill1, Patricia Cleave2, Elissa Asp3

  • 1School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
|January 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that wh-movement analysis in language samples is a valid method for assessing syntax in school-aged children. This technique shows similar results to traditional measures and is age-appropriate for language development assessment.

Keywords:
assessmentbilingual developmentcomplex syntaxlanguage sample analysissyntax

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Complex syntax is a known challenge for children with developmental language disorder (DLD).
  • Targeting specific syntactic difficulties can lead to improved assessment techniques for DLD.
  • Emerging assessments focus on these challenging syntactic areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure wh-movement in language samples of typically developing monolingual and bilingual children.
  • To provide preliminary evidence of validity by comparing wh-movement measures with traditional syntax assessments.
  • To examine the effects of age, bilingualism, and elicitation tasks on these measures.

Main Methods:

  • Collected language samples from 48 typically developing children (7-12 years old) in Nova Scotia.
  • Included monolingual English and bilingual French-English participants.
  • Analyzed samples for wh-movement, mean length of utterance, and clausal density.

Main Results:

  • Wh-movement measures showed preliminary validity, closely paralleling traditional syntax measures.
  • Both wh-movement and traditional measures demonstrated age-related effects and discourse genre effects.
  • No significant effect of monolingual versus bilingual development was found on these measures.

Conclusions:

  • Wh-movement analysis is a valid and age-appropriate method for assessing syntax in school-aged children.
  • Language sample analysis using wh-movement shows promise for clinical applications.
  • Careful consideration of discourse genre effects is crucial for research and clinical practice.