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Related Concept Videos

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview01:24

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Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as...
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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Bipolar Disorder01:30

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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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Medication Adherence in Pediatric Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review.

Matthew Sanchez1,2, Sarah Lytle1,2, Mandy Neudecker3

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
|January 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Medication adherence is crucial for pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) outcomes. Research on factors influencing adherence in youth with PBD is limited, highlighting a need for targeted interventions.

Keywords:
bipolar disordercompliancemedication adherencepediatricpediatric mania

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a severe condition impacting 1%-3% of youth globally.
  • Medication adherence is vital for treatment success in adults with bipolar disorder.
  • Limited research exists on medication adherence and influencing factors in pediatric bipolar disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review current research on medication adherence in pediatric bipolar disorder.
  • To identify characteristics influencing adherence to psychotropic medications in youth with PBD.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted across multiple databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, Wiley Clinical Trials, Cochrane).
  • Studies included psychotropic medication adherence for bipolar disorder in patients ≤18 years old.
  • Exclusion criteria focused on non-bipolar diagnoses, adult patients, lack of pharmacologic treatment, and absence of adherence measurements.

Main Results:

  • Only 6 studies met inclusion criteria, demonstrating extreme heterogeneity in methodology and adherence rates.
  • Commonly studied medications included mood stabilizers, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and psychostimulants.
  • Factors influencing adherence in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) include polypharmacy, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, family dynamics, side effects, and follow-up attendance.

Conclusions:

  • There is a significant lack of pediatric-specific research on medication adherence in bipolar disorder.
  • Understanding patient characteristics is critical for developing targeted interventions to improve adherence.
  • Intervention studies are needed, as adherence targets may differ between pediatric and adult populations.