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Related Concept Videos

Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

5.0K
Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving

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San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 55...
1.8K
Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

25.7K
When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
25.7K
Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview01:16

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview

2.3K
Sigmatropic rearrangements are a class of pericyclic reactions in which a σ bond migrates from one part of a π system to another. These are intramolecular rearrangements where the total number of σ and π bonds remain unchanged.
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-hexadiene, referred...
2.3K
Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

2.6K
Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
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Flexible Phase Change Material Fiber: A Simple Route to Thermal Energy Control Textiles.

Yurong Yan1,2,3, Weipei Li1, Ruitian Zhu4

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a flexible hollow fiber containing phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage. The encapsulated PCM demonstrated reliable heat storage and release properties, showing minimal impact from fiber constraints.

Keywords:
fluid-filled fiberphase change materialpolyethylene glycolthermal energy control

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are crucial for thermal energy storage.
  • Encapsulating PCMs in fibers offers potential for flexible and integrated thermal management solutions.
  • Polypropylene (PP) hollow fibers provide a promising matrix for PCM encapsulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize flexible hollow polypropylene fibers filled with polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG1000) as a phase change material.
  • To investigate the influence of fiber drawing on the thermal properties and reliability of the encapsulated PCM.
  • To evaluate the latent heat storage, thermal reversibility, and mechanical properties of the novel PCM fiber.

Main Methods:

  • Micro-fluidic filling technology was employed to encapsulate PEG1000 within hollow PP fibers.
  • Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to analyze the thermal properties, including melting and solidification enthalpies.
  • Mechanical properties and thermal stability were assessed through fiber drawing and thermogravimetric analysis.
  • Cycling heating and cooling tests were performed to evaluate long-term reliability and reversibility.

Main Results:

  • The encapsulated PEG1000 showed enthalpies of melting and solidification minimally affected by the PP fiber constraint.
  • High filling ratios (~83 wt.%) were achieved, with encapsulation efficiencies of up to 96.7% for as-spun fibers.
  • Bubble formation at the core-sheath interface influenced PEG1000 crystallization behavior.
  • The PP encasing slightly increased the decomposition temperature of PEG1000, indicating enhanced thermal stability.
  • Cycling tests confirmed the reversibility and reliability of the PCM fiber for latent heat storage and release.

Conclusions:

  • Flexible hollow PP fibers successfully encapsulated PEG1000 PCM using micro-fluidic technology.
  • The constrained PCM retained significant latent heat storage capacity and demonstrated thermal reversibility.
  • The developed PCM fiber shows promise for applications requiring reliable and flexible thermal energy storage.