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Related Concept Videos

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

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Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Investigating Drivers of Antireward in Addiction Behavior with Anatomically Specific Single-Cell Gene Expression Methods
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Factors Associated with Long-Term Retention in Buprenorphine-Based Addiction Treatment Programs: a Systematic Review.

Amy J Kennedy1, Charles B Wessel2, Rebecca Levine3

  • 1Ambulatory Care Network, Department of Health Services, Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Journal of General Internal Medicine
|January 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher buprenorphine doses and initiating treatment in hospital or criminal justice settings improve retention for opioid use disorder. More standardized data collection is needed for buprenorphine treatment programs.

Keywords:
buprenorphinelong-termopioid use disorderretentionsystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Addiction Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment retention is often suboptimal, with average buprenorphine treatment durations under six months.
  • Identifying factors that promote longer engagement in buprenorphine treatment is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review factors associated with longer retention in buprenorphine treatment for OUD.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding buprenorphine dose, treatment setting, and behavioral therapy's impact on retention.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (February 2018).
  • Inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with ≥ 24 weeks of objective retention data in English.
  • Assessment of buprenorphine dose, treatment setting, and behavioral therapy co-administration as predictors of retention.

Main Results:

  • Higher buprenorphine doses (1-8 mg range) were significantly associated with improved retention rates (p < 0.01).
  • Initiating buprenorphine treatment during hospitalization or within criminal justice settings showed significant positive associations with retention (p < 0.01).
  • No significant difference in retention was found between buprenorphine monotherapy and buprenorphine with behavioral therapy (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Treatment initiation setting and higher buprenorphine dosage are key factors for enhancing long-term retention in OUD treatment.
  • Further research with standardized outcome measures is necessary to better define and improve retention in buprenorphine treatment programs.