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Related Concept Videos

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis II01:25

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Nursing diagnoses represent a problem validated by major defining characteristics. There are four categories of nursing diagnoses: problem-focused, risk, health promotion or wellness, and syndrome. The anatomy of a nursing diagnosis includes three components: problem statement or diagnostic label, defining characteristics, and related factors.
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Following assessment, a nursing diagnosis is the next step in the nursing process. It begins after the nurse has collected and recorded the patient data. The purpose of diagnosing is to identify how the client responds to actual or potential health processes, identify factors that bestow or that cause health problems, the etiologies, and identify resources or strengths the individual, group, or community can draw on to prevent or resolve problems.
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The nursing process uses scientific reasoning, problem-solving, and critical thinking to guide nurses in providing patients with appropriate care. This process is a systematic approach to recognize, avoid, and treat current or potential health issues while promoting the patient's well-being.
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A nursing diagnosis is written when the nurse recognizes a cluster of essential patient data indicating health problems treated with independent nursing interventions. The standardized terminologies of a nursing diagnosis help nurses identify and treat patients' problems. Every electronic health record that uses nursing diagnosis must employ standard diagnostic terminology. Developing an efficient, individualized care plan begins with accurate nursing diagnoses.
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The nurse documents nursing diagnoses and enters them into the patient record. The identified patient's nursing diagnosis is either written out with a plan of care or entered into the electronic health record.
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Developing a nursing diagnosis for the risk for malnutrition: a mixed-method study.

Silvia Brunner1,2, Hanna Mayer2, Matthias Breidert1,3

  • 1City Hospital Waid and Triemli, Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Nursing Open
|January 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a new nursing diagnosis for the risk of protein-energy malnutrition in hospitalized older adults. It identifies key risk factors to help nurses better manage and prevent malnutrition in this vulnerable population.

Keywords:
80 and overagedinterventions and outcomes (Q-DIO)mixed methodnursing diagnosisnursing processprotein-energy malnutritionquality of nursing diagnosisrisk assessmentstandardized nursing terminology

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Nursing
  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Diagnosis

Background:

  • Malnutrition risk in hospitalized older adults is frequently underreported.
  • Effective nursing diagnoses are crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive nursing diagnosis for the risk of protein-energy malnutrition in older adults.
  • To identify and validate associated risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Convergent parallel mixed-methods design.
  • Literature review, qualitative interviews, non-participatory meal observations, and quantitative nursing record evaluations.
  • Validation of risk factors with 22 hospitalized older adults.

Main Results:

  • A nursing diagnosis for risk of protein-energy malnutrition was established, including 18 validated risk factors.
  • Risk factors were presented based on nursing record coherence using the Quality of Diagnosis, Intervention and Outcomes tool.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nursing diagnosis aids nurses in managing malnutrition risk in older hospitalized patients.
  • Optimizing nutrition for older adults is supported through this new diagnostic tool.