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Identifying Dysregulated Genes Induced by Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus KSHV
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Cellular Receptors Involved in KSHV Infection.

Emma van der Meulen1,2, Meg Anderton1,2, Melissa J Blumenthal1,2,3

  • 1International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.

Viruses
|January 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpes Virus (KSHV) uses diverse cell surface receptors like HSPGs and DC-SIGN for entry. Understanding these interactions is key to developing new KSHV infection intervention strategies.

Keywords:
Eph receptorsKaposi’s Sarcoma Herpes Virus (KSHV)Kaposi’s sarcomaendothelial cells

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpes Virus (KSHV) infects various cell types through complex entry mechanisms.
  • Viral glycoproteins mediate KSHV attachment and entry by binding to host cell surface molecules.
  • KSHV utilizes a broad range of receptors, including heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs), integrins, Eph receptors, xCT, and DC-SIGN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review KSHV infection of specific cell types relevant to its pathogenesis.
  • To focus on the cell surface binding and entry receptors exploited by KSHV.
  • To identify knowledge gaps in KSHV-host receptor interactions for developing intervention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing existing research on KSHV entry mechanisms.
  • Analysis of KSHV glycoprotein interactions with various cellular receptors.
  • Identification of specific cell types targeted by KSHV in pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • KSHV exhibits broad cell tropism due to its diverse receptor binding capabilities.
  • Specific cell entry is dictated by the availability of particular host cell receptors.
  • Key receptors like HSPGs, integrins, Eph receptors, xCT, and DC-SIGN are crucial for KSHV entry.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of KSHV's cellular entry pathways is essential for disease control.
  • Identifying specific receptor-glycoprotein interactions can guide the development of novel antiviral therapies.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complete spectrum of KSHV-host interactions and inform intervention strategies.