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Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation for General Open Quantum Systems.

Yoshihiko Hasegawa1

  • 1Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a thermodynamic uncertainty relation for quantum systems, applicable to any open quantum dynamics and initial state. This finding enhances precision in quantum measurements and walks by leveraging quantum properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Quantum Information Theory

Background:

  • Open quantum systems are fundamental to understanding quantum dynamics beyond isolated systems.
  • Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) connect fluctuations and dissipation in classical systems.
  • Extending TURs to quantum regimes is crucial for quantum thermodynamics and metrology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive a generalized thermodynamic uncertainty relation for arbitrary open quantum dynamics.
  • To establish a connection between environmental measurements and system-environment interactions.
  • To explore the implications of this relation for quantum metrology and quantum information processing.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a thermodynamic uncertainty relation for composite systems undergoing joint unitary evolution.
  • Analysis of environmental state measurements to bound counting observables.
  • Application of the derived relation to continuous quantum measurement and quantum walks.

Main Results:

  • A universal thermodynamic uncertainty relation for general open quantum systems is established.
  • The relation bounds environmental counting observables by survival activity, generalizing classical dynamical activity.
  • Quantum effects, particularly continuous measurement, can enhance precision beyond classical limits.

Conclusions:

  • The derived thermodynamic uncertainty relation is broadly applicable to any open quantum system and initial state.
  • This work provides a powerful tool for analyzing fluctuations and dissipation in quantum systems.
  • The findings suggest new avenues for improving precision in quantum technologies through tailored measurements.