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Practical screening tools for sarcopenia in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Vanessa Hax1,2, Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo2, Leonardo Peterson Dos Santos2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Plos One
|January 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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The SARC-F questionnaire is less accurate for screening sarcopenia in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients than SARC-CalF, SARC-F+EBM, and Ishii tests. SARC-F+EBM is recommended for routine SSc care due to its accuracy and feasibility.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Geriatrics
  • Diagnostic Accuracy

Background:

  • Sarcopenia diagnosis is complex, hindering routine clinical practice.
  • The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) suggests SARC-F for sarcopenia screening.
  • Sarcopenia in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is understudied, with no data on screening tool performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+EBM, and Ishii test for sarcopenia screening in SSc patients.
  • To identify the most suitable screening tool for routine clinical use in SSc.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 94 SSc patients.
  • Sarcopenia diagnosed using EWGSOP2 criteria (DXA, handgrip, SPPB).
  • SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+EBM, and Ishii tests applied for screening.

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  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves used to assess diagnostic accuracy.

    • Main Results:

    • Sarcopenia identified in 15.9% of SSc patients.
    • SARC-F showed lower accuracy (AUC 0.588) compared to SARC-CalF (0.718), SARC-F+EBM (0.832), and Ishii test (0.862).
    • Ishii test had the highest sensitivity (86.7%), while SARC-F+EBM offered a good balance of sensitivity and specificity.

    Conclusions:

    • SARC-CalF, SARC-F+EBM, and Ishii test are superior to SARC-F for sarcopenia screening in SSc.
    • SARC-F+EBM is the most recommended screening tool for routine care of SSc patients due to its diagnostic accuracy and feasibility.