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Related Experiment Video

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Common fronto-temporal effective connectivity in humans and monkeys.

Francesca Rocchi1, Hiroyuki Oya2, Fabien Balezeau1

  • 1Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Neuron
|January 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers found similar brain pathway connections in macaque monkeys and humans, revealing shared neural architecture for auditory processing and cognition. Human brains show stronger lateralization, suggesting evolutionary specialization in language and memory networks.

Keywords:
cognitiondeclarative memoryevolutionfrontal cortexhippocampuslanguageneural principlesneuroimagingneurophysiology

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Cognition
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Language and declarative memory pathways are thought to have evolved differently in humans.
  • Limited cross-species data exists on effective connectivity in cognition-related brain regions.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for deciphering cognitive evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare site-specific effective connectivity between auditory cortex and prefrontal/parahippocampal regions in humans and macaques.
  • To investigate evolutionary differences and similarities in brain networks supporting cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional imaging to observe effects of direct electrical brain stimulation.
  • Studied macaque monkeys and human neurosurgery patients.
  • Employed electrical tractography to map neural pathways and measure evoked potentials.

Main Results:

  • Identified comparable effective connectivity from caudal auditory cortex to ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and parahippocampal cortex in both species.
  • Observed stronger hemispheric lateralization in humans, indicating species-specific adaptations.
  • Found rapid evoked potentials in human VLPFC after auditory stimulation, with speech sounds activating VLPFC.

Conclusions:

  • Established a common effective connectivity signature between auditory cortex, VLPFC, and hippocampus in primates.
  • Auditory cortex connections appear equally direct to VLPFC and indirect to the hippocampus across species.
  • Human evolution shows specialized lateralization within these conserved pathways, particularly for VLPFC engagement.