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Selective attention to stimulus representations in perception and memory: commonalities and differences.

Jasmin M Kizilirmak1,2, Sarah Glim3, Margarita Darna4,5

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Selective attention processes in perception and memory share similarities but differ in how stimuli are repeated. Repetition benefits perception through feature repetition, while memory benefits from repeating entire sets of representations.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Theories suggest selective attention to perception and memory may share cognitive and neural resources.
  • Previous research has yielded inconclusive evidence, possibly due to task and cognitive demand variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether attentional selection in perception and memory share common processes.
  • To determine if differences arise solely from external (perception) versus internal (memory) stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Compared behavioral costs and benefits of attentional selection across perception and memory domains.
  • Participants attended to target stimuli or memory representations with repeated or changed sets/targets.
  • Two experiments were conducted to analyze selection dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Positive priming from stimulus repetition occurred in both domains.
  • No consistent negative priming effects were observed when shifting attention.
  • Perception priming linked to target feature repetition; memory priming linked to set repetition.

Conclusions:

  • Differences in selection dynamics may stem from reduced cognitive effort in memory tasks.
  • Stimulus-response associations are crucial and can influence cross-domain comparisons.
  • Attentional selection in internal versus external domains involves inherent differences.