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Published on: July 10, 2013
The Role of CARD9 Deficiency in Neutrophils
Ruanmei Sheng1,2, Xiaoming Zhong3, Zhiwen Yang1,2
1Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Preparatory Stage), Shanghai, China.
Insights
Card9 (caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9) is crucial in neutrophil immune responses. Card9 deficiency increases susceptibility to fungal infections and impacts autoimmune diseases.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Neutrophils are key innate immune cells involved in host defense.
- Neutrophilic inflammation contributes to infectious and autoimmune diseases.
- Card9 (caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9) is a signaling protein found in myeloid cells, including neutrophils.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in understanding Card9's role in neutrophils.
- To explore the pathogenesis of Card9 deficiency in neutrophils.
- To highlight Card9's involvement in fungal infections and autoimmune conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical and clinical studies.
- Analysis of neutrophil function in Card9-deficient models.
- Investigation of Card9's role in intercellular communication.
Main Results:
- Card9-deficient neutrophils show heightened susceptibility to fungal infections, particularly in the central nervous system, skin, and subcutaneous tissues.
- Card9 deficiency is linked to certain autoimmune diseases.
- Card9-deficient neutrophils offer protection against some bacterial infections.
Conclusions:
- Card9 is a critical mediator in neutrophils, influencing susceptibility to infections and autoimmune disorders.
- Understanding Card9's function in neutrophils provides novel insights into neutrophilic inflammation pathogenesis.
- Targeting Card9 pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for related diseases.
Abstract:
Neutrophils play a critical role in innate immune defense and directly contribute to infectious and autoimmune ailments. Great efforts are underway to better understand the nature of neutrophilic inflammation. Of note, CARD9, a myeloid cell-specific signaling protein that mainly expresses in macrophages and dendritic cells, is also present in neutrophils, emerging as a critical mediator for intercellular communication. CARD9-deficiency neutrophils display an increased susceptibility to fungal infection that primarily localize to the central nervous system, subcutaneous, and skin tissue. Additionally, CARD9-deficiency neutrophils are associated with some autoimmune diseases and even provide protection against a few bacteria. Here, the review summarizes recent preclinical and clinical advances that have provided a novel insight into the pathogenesis of CARD9 deficiency in neutrophils.
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