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Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke: Focus on MicroRNA-mediated Polarization of Microglia

Lu Lian1,2,3, Yunsha Zhang4, Lu Liu5

  • 1Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
|January 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Microglia exhibit dual roles in ischemic stroke, with M2 phenotypes offering protection and M1 phenotypes causing damage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show potential as therapeutic targets to modulate this neuroinflammation and improve stroke recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke is a leading global cause of death and disability.
  • Neuroinflammation, involving microglia, is critical in ischemic stroke injury and repair.
  • Microglia display dynamic phenotypes (M1/M2) with distinct roles in stroke pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dynamic response of microglia following ischemic stroke.
  • To assess the regulatory effects of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) on reactive microglia.
  • To explore miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on microglial dynamics post-stroke.
  • Analysis of miRNA involvement in microglial activation and polarization.
  • Synthesis of evidence on miRNA-mediated neuroinflammation.

Main Results:

  • Microglia shift phenotypes post-stroke, influencing injury and repair.
  • Specific miRNAs regulate microglial activation, polarization, and function.
  • MiRNAs demonstrate a capacity to modulate the neuroinflammatory response.

Conclusions:

  • Microglia play a complex, dual role in ischemic stroke pathogenesis.
  • MicroRNAs are key regulators of microglial behavior in stroke.
  • Targeting miRNAs offers a promising therapeutic strategy for stroke treatment and neuroinflammation modulation.
Keywords:
ischemic strokemicroRNAsmicroglianeuroinflammationpolarization

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