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Why People Enter and Embrace Violent Groups.

Ángel Gómez1,2, Mercedes Martínez1, Francois Alexi Martel3

  • 1Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.

Frontiers in Psychology
|January 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People join violent groups through compliance (coercion) or internalization (self-group alignment). Findings show differing pathways for Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and Islamist radical groups, suggesting tailored de-radicalization strategies.

Keywords:
collective identityidentity fusionradicalizationsocial influenceterrorism

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Political Science
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Understanding motivations for joining violent extremist organizations is crucial for effective counter-terrorism.
  • Two primary pathways, compliance and internalization, have been proposed to explain group affiliation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathways (compliance vs. internalization) through which individuals join violent groups.
  • To examine these pathways in former members of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and Islamist radical groups.

Main Methods:

  • Field investigations of former members of two distinct violent organizations.
  • Analysis of self-reported reasons for joining, differentiating between coercion and perceived self-group convergence.

Main Results:

  • Former LTTE members exhibited reasons associated with both compliance and internalization.
  • Former members of Islamist radical groups primarily joined due to internalization.
  • Compliance mechanisms differed, involving coercion in LTTE and charismatic persuasion in Islamist groups.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic differences exist in the motivations for joining different violent groups.
  • Tailored strategies are necessary for preventing radicalization and promoting de-radicalization based on specific group dynamics.