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Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Talaromyces marneffei Yeasts Mediate Inflammatory Response in Macrophage Cells by

Biao Yang1,2, Jingyu Wang2,3, Hongye Jiang4

  • 1Center for Clinical Laboratory, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|January 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Talaromyces marneffei (TM) extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles that activate macrophages, increasing inflammatory responses. Protease treatment reduced inflammatory factors, indicating proteins are key mediators in TM EV-macrophage interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated in fungal pathogenesis.
  • Talaromyces marneffei (TM) EVs' role in host-pathogen interactions remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize TM-derived EVs.
  • To investigate the impact of TM EVs on macrophage function and inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy for EV characterization.
  • Macrophage cell culture to assess EV uptake and response.
  • Measurement of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, inflammatory cytokines, and co-stimulatory molecules.
  • Protease, DNA, and RNA hydrolase treatments to identify functional components.
  • Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for virulence factor identification.

Main Results:

  • TM-derived EVs are heterogeneous nanosized vesicles (30-300 nm).
  • EVs are taken up by RAW 264.7 macrophages, increasing inflammatory mediators (ROS, NO, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) and co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86, MHC-II).
  • Protease treatment abrogated the inflammatory response, suggesting proteinaceous components are responsible.

Conclusions:

  • TM-derived EVs modulate macrophage inflammatory responses.
  • EV proteins are critical for regulating macrophage function, potentially contributing to Talaromyces marneffei pathogenesis.
Keywords:
Talaromyces marneffeiextracellular vesiclesinflammatory responsemacrophage cellsproteomics

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