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Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Multifocal Electroretinograms
Published on: December 4, 2011
ISCEV standard for clinical multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) (2021 update)
Michael B Hoffmann1,2, Michael Bach3, Mineo Kondo4
1Department of Ophthalmology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany. michael.hoffmann@med.ovgu.de.
Abstract:
The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) is an electrophysiological test that allows the function of multiple discrete areas of the retina to be tested simultaneously. This document, from the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV), presents an updated and revised ISCEV standard for clinical mfERG and defines minimum protocols for basic clinical mfERG recording and reporting so that responses can be recognized and compared from different laboratories worldwide. The major changes compared with the previous mfERG standard relate to the minimum length of m-sequences used for recording, reporting of results and a change in document format, to be more consistent with other ISCEV standards.
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