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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Brain pH Imaging and its Applications.

Hahnsung Kim1, Lisa C Krishnamurthy2, Phillip Zhe Sun1

  • 1Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Neuroscience
|January 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI offers a sensitive, noninvasive method for mapping brain pH, addressing challenges in high-resolution imaging for diseases like tumors and stroke.

Keywords:
MRIMRSacute strokeamide proton transfer (APT)chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)pH

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical imaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Acid-base homeostasis and pH regulation are vital for tissue metabolism and physiology.
  • Brain tissue pH changes are observed in various pathological conditions.
  • Existing noninvasive tissue pH Magnetic Resonance (MR) techniques face limitations in achieving high spatiotemporal resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review noninvasive pH measurement techniques, with a focus on Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MR imaging.
  • To highlight the potential of CEST imaging for high-resolution, noninvasive brain pH mapping.
  • To discuss emerging applications of CEST pH imaging in disease states.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamental principles of various pH measurement techniques.
  • Detailed focus on Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) principles for pH imaging.
  • Illustrative examples of CEST pH imaging in tumor and acute stroke models.

Main Results:

  • CEST MR techniques provide a sensitive approach for noninvasive pH mapping.
  • CEST imaging demonstrates potential for overcoming current resolution limitations in brain pH mapping.
  • Applications in tumor imaging and acute stroke highlight the clinical relevance of CEST pH mapping.

Conclusions:

  • CEST MR imaging is a promising technique for noninvasive, high-resolution brain pH mapping.
  • This technique addresses a critical unmet need in understanding and diagnosing diseases affecting brain pH.
  • Further research and application in clinical settings, particularly for tumors and stroke, are warranted.