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Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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Radioprotectors: Nature's Boon.

Damanpreet Kaur Lang1, Harwinder Singh1, Arpita Arora1

  • 1Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.

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|January 26, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural radioprotective agents offer a non-toxic alternative to mitigate radiation damage from treatments like radiotherapy and computed tomography scans. These compounds, rich in antioxidants and free radical scavengers, protect normal cells from harmful ionizing radiation effects.

Keywords:
Acorus calamusPodophyllum hexandrumRadioprotective agentsTinospora cordifolia.Xylopia aethiopicahesperidin

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Radiotherapy and computed tomography scans, while crucial for cancer treatment and diagnosis, pose risks of normal cell toxicity, leading to secondary malignancies and necrosis.
  • Natural products exhibit non-toxic properties and have demonstrated potential in enhancing tumor control when administered alongside radiation therapy.
  • Key properties of these natural agents include antioxidant, immunomodulatory, free radical scavenging, metal chelating, and anti-inflammatory activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and compile effective natural radioprotective agents that can safeguard normal cells from radiation-induced toxicity.
  • To explore the potential of these natural compounds for further development using quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies to enhance their efficacy.
  • To offer a feasible method for protecting normal tissues during radiation therapy, thereby improving therapeutic outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major scientific databases including EMBASE, PubMed, Bentham Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect.
  • Peer-reviewed review articles and relevant research articles were systematically identified and compiled.
  • The selected literature was analyzed to synthesize information on natural radioprotective agents and their mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Ionizing radiation exposure can cause significant harm to normal cells, necessitating the use of radioprotective agents.
  • Natural compounds, containing alkaloids, resins, volatile oils, and tannins, possess inherent radioprotective properties.
  • Numerous plant-derived compounds have been identified for their radioprotective potential.

Conclusions:

  • Natural radioprotective agents are effective in reducing the adverse effects of ionizing radiation on normal cells.
  • These agents offer a safer alternative with fewer side effects compared to conventional methods.
  • Further research into these natural compounds can lead to improved radioprotective strategies in clinical settings.