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Cellulitis.

Rachel J Bystritsky1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University of California-San Francisco, 350 Parnassus, Rm 808B, UCSF Box 0654, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA.

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|January 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellulitis, a common bacterial skin infection, is diagnosed clinically and often treated with oral antibiotics. Recurrent cases may benefit from prophylaxis after addressing underlying causes.

Keywords:
CellulitisErysipelasSkin and soft tissue infection

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cellulitis is a frequent bacterial infection affecting the skin and subcutaneous layers, primarily caused by gram-positive bacteria.
  • Key risk factors include previous cellulitis episodes, skin injuries, athlete's foot (tinea pedis), and persistent edema.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis, management, and prevention strategies for cellulitis.
  • To highlight the importance of identifying and treating predisposing factors for recurrent infections.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current clinical understanding and treatment guidelines for cellulitis.
  • Emphasis is placed on clinical diagnosis, appropriate antibiotic selection, and the role of imaging.

Main Results:

  • Cellulitis typically presents as localized erythema, edema, warmth, and tenderness, diagnosed clinically.
  • Most uncomplicated cases are manageable with oral antibiotics in outpatient settings.
  • Imaging is not routinely necessary but can aid diagnosis in complex situations.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment with oral antibiotics are crucial for uncomplicated cellulitis.
  • Identifying and managing underlying conditions is essential for preventing recurrence.
  • Antimicrobial prophylaxis is a viable strategy for patients experiencing frequent cellulitis recurrences.