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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Automated Cell Enrichment of Cytomegalovirus-specific T cells for Clinical Applications using the Cytokine-capture System
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Cellular Therapy in Pediatric Hematologic Malignancies.

Susan Kuldanek1, Bryce Pasko2, Melkon DomBourian3

  • 1Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|January 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular therapies, including hematopoietic stem cell transplant and CAR T-cell therapy, are improving survival for pediatric leukemia. Novel approaches like NK cells and regulatory T-cells offer future treatment advancements.

Keywords:
CAR T cellCord blood expansionHPSCNK cell therapyPediatricRegulatory

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Cellular Therapy

Background:

  • Cellular therapies offer improved survival and reduced morbidity for pediatric patients.
  • Pediatric hematological malignancies present unique treatment challenges.
  • Advances in stem cell transplantation and immunotherapy are transforming care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current cellular therapies for pediatric hematological malignancy.
  • To discuss hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy.
  • To highlight novel and emerging cellular therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pediatric cellular therapies.
  • Focus on updated practices in HSCT.
  • Examination of CAR T-cell therapy applications.

Main Results:

  • HSCT has evolved with improved chemotherapy, immunosuppression, and donor matching.
  • CAR T-cell therapy is a significant advancement in treating pediatric leukemias.
  • Novel therapies like Natural Killer (NK) cells, regulatory T-cells, and αβ depletion show promise.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular therapies have significantly improved outcomes in pediatric hematological malignancies.
  • Ongoing research into novel cellular therapies promises further advancements.
  • Personalized and innovative cellular treatments are key to future pediatric cancer care.